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Using individualised assessments to counter contract cheating

Ulrich Speidel and Manō Manōharan



The scale of the problem

Nearly a third of a typical class will cheat, given the opportunity.

  • Copy from classmates
  • Seek solution online (e.g., contract-cheating on Chegg)
  • Attempt to gain other forms of unfair advantage
  • Use of substitutes / helpers (especially in online assessments)
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In recent times, in our School ...

  • 60 out of a current stage 1 class caught in mid-semester test, 25 in assignments.
  • 62 students in a 287-strong core stage 2 class nabbed for exam cheating.
  • 99 out of 472 in a stage 3 programming class caught sharing solutions.
  • Many repeat offenders - behaviours persist even after warning following exam offences.

Uneven results over the years / courses:

  2019S1 2019S2 2020S1 2020S2 2021S1 2021S2 2022S1
COMPSCI101     38        
COMPSCI110   5 45        
COMPSCI120     27        
COMPSCI130 27 1 3        
COMPSCI210   5 5        
COMPSCI215 8   6   1   2
COMPSCI220   6 32        
COMPSCI225     16     4  
COMPSCI230     13     6 62
COMPSCI315           3  
COMPSCI316   3          
COMPSCI320           6  
COMPSCI335   46   34   99  
COMPSCI350         5   2
COMPSCI727     1        
COMPSCI780           1  

Seek and you shall find...

But what helps you seek?

  • Temporal analysis - e.g., Moodle / Coderunner logs (functioning solutions "morph" over time to obfuscate)
  • Spatial analysis - where did logins come from (and why do some students need 8 IP addresses to access the system)?
  • Google is your friend - if they could find it, so can you.
  • Chegg harvesting
  • MOSS & Turnitin

Question: Write a function called create_string_len_tuple(words) ...

Write a function called create_string_len_tuple(words) which takes a list of strings as a parameter and returns a list of tuples. Each tuple contains the string and the length of the string. Note: you can assume that the parameter list is not empty.

For example:

Test Result
my_list = ['A', 'Big', 'Cat']
print(create_string_len_tuple(my_list)) 		[('A', 1), ('Big', 3), ('Cat', 3)]
my_list = ['A', 'Big', 'Cat']
print(create_string_len_tuple(my_list)) 		[('Free', 4), ('f1', 2), ('f2', 2), ('f3', 2), ('', 0)]

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Question: Write a function called create_string_len_tuple(words) ...

Write a function called create_surnames_dictionary(names) which takes a list of strings as a parameter and returns a dictionary with keys which are a single letter and the corresponding values which are lists of full names. The list of full names corresponding to a key contains all the full names from the list where the first letter of the surname is the key value. The corresponding lists of full names should be in sorted alphabetical order. Note: you can assume that the list is not empty and that each full name contains a first name followed by a surname.

For example:

Test Result
my_dictionary = create_surnames_dictionary(['Dick Smith', 'Michael Hill'])
for letter in sorted(my_dictionary.keys()):
   print(letter, my_dictionary[letter]) 		H ['Michael Hill']
S ['Dick Smith']
— —

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Question: Given that the inputs and outputs of the 8-to-1 multiplexer ...

Given that the inputs and outputs of the 8-to-1 multiplexer are I(7:0), S(2:0), and Y respectively. What should be Y if S is 0002?

  1. I(2)
  2. I(1)
  3. I(7)
  4. I(3)
  5. I(0)

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Question: Assume that the memory on a system is organized as a two ...

Assume that the memory on a system is organized as a two-dimensional grid with 16384 rows and 1024 columns. Also, assume that each memory cell is 24-bits wide.

  1. How many output lines would a column decoder have?
  2. What is the memory address space of this system?
  3. What should the size of the MDR register be (in terms of number of bits) on such a system?
  4. What is the largest possible address on such a system? Express your answer in decimal.

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Question: Which of the following additions are correct? Subscripts ...

Which of the following additions are correct? Subscripts have been used to indicate the base of the numbers involved.

  1. 4C216 + 36B16 = 82D16
  2. 238 + 548 = 778
  3. 4678 + 6548 = 13438
  4. FAB16 + DDE16 = 1C8916
  5. 5CEA16 + 3FFF16 = 9CE916

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Question: An instruction set uses 9 bits to represent the memory address ...

An instruction set uses 9 bits to represent the memory address and the word size of each memory location is 8 bits. what is the maximum size of memory that can be accessed by this instruction set?

  1. 2048 bits
  2. 4096 bits
  3. 512 bits
  4. 8192 bits
  5. 1024 bits

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Academic Integrity Processes



  • Prevent
  • Detect
  • Prosecute

Individualized questions help...

  • prevent collusion between students (esp. in timed assessments)
  • detect who is cheating
  • prosecute as questions can be associated with individual students
(... and we don't have to dream up new questions every semester!)

Question: Lord Sjormbradaclenja wants to convey some secret ...

Lord Sjormbradaclenja wants to convey some secret messages to His Majesty. He encrypts all his sentences (all of them are in English and are valid) using the same XOR key. Shown below are the encrypted sentences, and you are asked to decrypt them. 

F18A......................................703D1BB0BA
E68623......................................3618BBBA
E08B35ED......................................12B1BA
E38235E812......................................A6BA
E78C2AE1......................................18A2BA
FA8231......................................2C1BB0BA
F5C3......................................702D12B1BA

It is likely that the solution will require a mixture of automated analysis and guess work. Once you have decrypted the sentences, please write down in the answer sheet the plain text of the FIRST sentence given above. Please ensure you use the correct case.

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https://dividni.online

Dividni + Canvas: Things worth knowing



  • Screwed up and the quiz is already on Canvas? Delete the quizzes and all question banks, re-upload fresh QTI file.
  • Need an image in your question? Include an HTML <img> tag and link src to the image on an external site.
  • Canvas doesn't support embedded SVG.

Dividni & Inspera: Things worth knowing



  • Inspera is possible but tricky - ask us.

THE UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND


SECOND SEMESTER

Campus: City


SCHOOL OF CONTEMPORARY STUDIES

Local History

(Time Allowed: 40 minutes)



Note:

  • Enter your name and student ID on the Teleform sheet. You should also enter your name and student ID on this question/answer book in the space provided.
  • The version code for this question/answer book is 00001456. You MUST ensure that this version code is correctly shown in the Teleform sheet. If the version code is incorrect, you may not get marks for any of the questions in this assessment.
  • You MUST retain this question/answer book until the marking is complete and you have received the mark or grade for this assessment.
  • Each question is expected to have exactly 1 (one) correct answer. If you believe that a question has either NO or MULTIPLE correct answers, select the ONE you believe is most likely to be the intended answer.
  • All questions carry equal marks.
  • This assessment counts for 20% of your final grade.

Name: ......................................
ID: ......................................

  1. Which of these following were part of Thorin's company?
    1. Kili
    2. Balin
    3. Fili
    1. X only
    2. Y only
    3. Z only
    4. None of X, Y, and Z
    5. All, or two of X, Y, and Z

  2. Who did Sam, Frodo, Pippin and Merry meet at the Prancing Pony on their way to Rivendell carrying the ring?
    1. Bilbao
    2. Aragorn
    3. Gandalf
    4. Celebrimbor
    5. Lúthien

  3. At Prancing Pony, you can buy 4 apples and 9 oranges for 364 Castars; you can also buy 13 apples and 17 oranges for 742 Castars. What is the price of a single apple, expressed in Castars?
    1. 37
    2. 12
    3. 38
    4. 10
    5. 36

THE UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND


SECOND SEMESTER

Campus: City


SCHOOL OF CONTEMPORARY STUDIES

Local History

(Time Allowed: 40 minutes)



Note:

  • Enter your name and student ID on the Teleform sheet. You should also enter your name and student ID on this question/answer book in the space provided.
  • The version code for this question/answer book is 00001553. You MUST ensure that this version code is correctly shown in the Teleform sheet. If the version code is incorrect, you may not get marks for any of the questions in this assessment.
  • You MUST retain this question/answer book until the marking is complete and you have received the mark or grade for this assessment.
  • Each question is expected to have exactly 1 (one) correct answer. If you believe that a question has either NO or MULTIPLE correct answers, select the ONE you believe is most likely to be the intended answer.
  • All questions carry equal marks.
  • This assessment counts for 20% of your final grade.

Name: ......................................
ID: ......................................

  1. Which of these following were part of Thorin's company?
    1. Dori
    2. Gróin
    3. Ori
    1. X and Y only
    2. X and Z only
    3. Y and Z only
    4. All of X, Y, and Z
    5. None, or only one of X, Y, and Z

  2. Who did Sam, Frodo, Pippin and Merry meet at the Prancing Pony on their way to Rivendell carrying the ring?
    1. Thorin
    2. Narvi
    3. Lúthien
    4. Strider
    5. Elu Thingol

  3. At Prancing Pony, you can buy 3 apples and 9 oranges for 246 Castars; you can also buy 10 apples and 18 oranges for 556 Castars. What is the price of a single apple, expressed in Castars?
    1. 18
    2. 15
    3. 17
    4. 16
    5. 22
ClassTest

Pedagogically, individualized questions ...

  • mitigate cheating without being punitive
  • could allow student collaboration at a conceptual level
  • could give students heaps of questions to practise
  • can be re-used again and again
(... and save us precious time we otherwise spend on prosecution ...)

Questions?

(Individualized?)

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